This module will cover the following topics:
1. The world’s oceans are a major sink for atmospheric CO2 with implications for sea surface temperature, sea levels and the seawater carbonate chemistry (ocean acidification). We will explore the main causes and ecological consequences of warming, ocean acidification and changing sea levels for marine organisms and habitats. The course will look at individual mechanisms that may allow organisms to acclimatise or adapt to changing environmental conditions in marine systems.
2. Land use change in relation to food security – the course will explore environmental issues surrounding large scale geographic change in term of land use, and ways in which ecological knowledge can be used to maximise food production alongside with biodiversity conservation.
3. Greenhouse gases in relation to climate, land use change, and food production – we will explore the biological processes, primarily microbial, underlying greenhouse gas fluxes from soils and ruminant livestock. The causes of soil degradation will be described and the initiatives/programmes designed to restore soil health and sequester greenhouse gases will be discussed.
4. Ecosystem service change in relation to biodiversity loss – the course will also focus on topical and emotive issues such as loss of biodiversity, degradation of ecosystem services and economic valuation of nature, and provide a sound scientific background to these topics that are seldom out of the public eye. The course will illustrate how the increasingly important ecosystem service framework and interdisciplinary approach can be applied to address global challenges.